The only town that was developed was Spanish Town, the old capital of Jamaica, then called St. The first town was called New Seville or Sevilla la Nueva. Jamaica served mainly as a supply base: food, men, arms and horse were shipped here to help in conquering the American mainland.įifteen years later in 1509, after their first visit to the island, the first Spanish colonists came here under the Spanish governor Juan de Esquivel. The island remained poor under Spanish rule as few Spaniards settled here. The process was aided by the introduction of European diseases to which the Arawaks had little or no resistance.
They were so overworked and ill-treated that within a short time they had all died. The Spaniards, when they came, tortured and killed the Arawaks to get their land. Columbus was then able to land and claim the island. Some of the Arawaks were killed and wounded in this attack. Their attitudes changed however, when they were attacked by a dog from one of the Spanish ships and Columbus’ cross-bow men. The Arawaks there were also hostile to the Spaniards. He sailed down the coast and docked at Discovery Bay. Columbus also needed wood and water and a chance to repair his vessels. As he was determined to annex the island in the name of the king and queen of Spain, he was not deterred. Initially, Columbus thought these Indians were hostile, as they attacked his men when they tried to land on the island. On arrival at St Ann’s Bay, Columbus found the Arawak Indians inhabiting the island. Columbus was soon to find out that there was no gold in Jamaica. Columbus had heard about Jamaica, then called Xaymaca, from the Cubans who described it as “the land of blessed gold”. This occurred on his second voyage to the West Indies. On Christopher Columbus, the European explorer, who sailed west to get to the East Indies and came upon the region now called the West Indies, landed in Jamaica.
The Arawaks led quiet and peaceful lives until they were destroyed by the Spaniards some years after Christopher Columbus discovered the island in 1494. Fish was also a major part of their diet. They built their villages all over the island but most of them settled on the coasts and near rivers as they fished to get food. Tobacco was grown on a large scale as smoking was their most popular pastime. They grew cassava, sweet potatoes, maize (corn), fruits, vegetables, cotton and tobacco. Their faces were broad and their noses flat. Physically, they were light brown in colour, short and well-shaped with coarse, black hair. The Arawaks were a mild and simple people by nature. They came from South America 2,500 years ago and named the island Xaymaca, which meant ““land of wood and water”. The original inhabitants of Jamaica are believed to be the Arawaks, also called Tainos. – Howard Pyle, “Jamaica New and Old” in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, January 1890 Original Inhabitants Jamaica has lived through it all in a few years. Other countries have taken centuries to grow from their primitive life through the flower and fruit of prosperity into the seed time of picturesque decrepitude. She has suffered earthquake, famine, pestilence, fire and death: and she has been the home of cruel merciless slavery, hardly second to that practised by the Spaniards themselves. She has enjoyed a fever of prosperity founded upon those incalculable treasures poured into her lap by the old time buccaneer pirates. She has had her experiences and has lived her life rapidly. Jamaica, like many another of the West Indian Islands, is like a woman with a history. Jamaica’s history has been poetically composed by Howard Pyle, who states: Our history speaks to experiences of hardships and prosperity and the growth and determination of a people. The history of Jamaica is a rich and vibrant one, which inspires us to move forward as a nation. Eligibility and Basic Provisions for Returning Resident Status.
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